Homeland Security - An Introduction to Principles and Practice

Since its formation in 2002—the largest government reorganization since FDR’s "New Deal"—the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has focused on a broad range of public policy, safety, and security issues. From responsible intelligence gathering and combating global terrorism to securing critical infrastructure and disaster planning and response, mounting risks and ever-changing threats have created the need for a timely resource that outlines the recent organizational changes and strategic initiatives that have emerged within DHS. Homeland Security: An Introduction to Principles and Practice provides students and practitioners alike with the latest developments on the make-up, organization, and strategic mission of DHS. Homeland security involves a complex network of government agencies and private organizations collaborating to ensure the safety and security of the United States, its domestic and global interests, and its citizens. As such, this book offers valuable insights into the roles of multi-jurisdictional agencies and various stakeholders at all levels of government including law enforcement, the military, the intelligence community, emergency managers, and the private sector. Many of the books currently available offer a skewed or unbalanced examination of DHS, emphasizing certain elements over others. This is the first book to provide objective and equal treatment of each of the core components that encompass DHS’s mission including: border security, immigration and naturalization, emergency management, transportation security, critical infrastructure protection, information security, public health, and intelligence and counterterrorism efforts. Each chapter includes extensive pedagogy—learning objectives, informative boxed sidebars, summaries, end-of-chapter questions, Web links, and references—for ease of comprehension and retention. Authored by Charles Nemeth, a respected expert in homeland security and leader in homeland security education, Homeland Security provides the most complete and up-to-date overview available on the organizational and strategic initiatives of DHS, the challenges facing federal and state government agencies, and new and emerging ideas on the future of DHS and the role it should play in national and domestic security. An instructor's manual with exam questions, lesson plans, and chapter PowerPoint® slides are available upon qualified course adoption.Table of ContentChapter 1: The Idea and Origin of Homeland Security 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Threats to the Homeland: 20th-Century Military Movements 1.3 Threats to the Homeland: The Cold War Experience 1.4 Threats to the Homeland: Revolution, Riot, and Rightful Demonstration 1.4.1 Domestic Terrorism: Pre-9/11 1.4.2 International Terrorism: Pre-9/11 Chapter 2: Terror, Threat, and Disaster Post-9/11: A New Paradigm of Homeland Security 2.1 Introduction2.2 The Genesis of the Department of Homeland Security 2.3 The Department of Homeland Security: 2001–2003 2.3.1 Evolution and Change in the Department of Homeland Security2.4 Reorganization of the Department of Homeland Security: 2003–2008 2.4.1 The Office of the Secretary of DHS 2.4.2 DHS Directorates 2.4.3 DHS Offices 2.4.4 Agencies Swept into DHS 2.4.4.1 U.S. Coast Guard 2.4.4.2 U.S. Secret Service 2.4.4.3 Federal Protective Service 2.4.4.4 Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) 2.4.5 Advisory Panels and Committees Chapter 3: Homeland Security Law, Regulations, and Budgeting 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Homeland Security Law, Regulations, and Executive Orders 3.2.1 Executive Order 13228: The Origin of DHS 3.2.2 Executive Order 12231: Protection of Infrastructure 3.2.3 Homeland Security Act of 2002 The Homeland Security Act and Posse Comitatus 3.2.4 USA Patriot Act 3.2.5 Specialized Laws 3.2.5.1 The REAL ID Program 3.2.5.2 Office of US-VISIT: Proposed Rules 3.2.5.3 Chemical Facilities 3.2.5.4 Invention and Technology: The SAFETY Act 3.3 Budgeting, Finance, and Funding in Homeland Security Chapter 4: Risk Management, Threats, and Hazards 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Risk Management 4.2.1 The Nature of Risk 4.2.2 Risk Assessment 4.2.3 CARVER + Shock Assessment Tool 4.3 Threats and Hazards 4.3.1 The Concept of Threat and Hazard 4.3.2 Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) 4.3.2.1 Nuclear 4.3.2.2 Radiological4.3.2.3 Biological 4.3.2.4 Chemical 4.3.2.5 Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) 4.4 Computer Security and Information Infrastructure 4.4.1 National Cyber Security Division (NCSD)4.4.2 US-CERT: Computer Emergency Response Team 4.5 The Private Sector and Homeland Security Chapter 5: Training and Exercises in Homeland Security 5.1 Introduction5.2 Office of Grants and Training 5.3 Center for Domestic Preparedness 5.4 Emergency Management Institute 5.5 Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) 5.6 Lessons Learned: Best Practices (LLIS.gov) 5.7 Community Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) 5.8 National Incident Management System (NIMS) Chapter 6: DHS Challenges: National vs. State and Local, National Security vs. Homeland Security 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Challenge of National Policy at the State and Local Levels 6.2.1 Structure at the State Level 6.2.2 Structure at the Local Level 6.2.2.1 Fusion Centers 6.2.3 Funding and Local Initiatives 6.3 Fine Line of National and Homeland Security 6.3.1 Department of Defense and Homeland Security 6.3.2 Intelligence Gathering and Sharing 6.3.2.1 Office of Naval Intelligence 6.3.2.2 Air Force Intelligence 6.3.2.3 U.S. Marine Corps 6.3.2.4 U.S. Army 6.3.3 Specialized Military/Defense Units Dedicated to Homeland Security 6.3.3.1 National Maritime Intelligence Center 6.3.3.2 National Reconnaissance Office 6.3.3.3 Weapons of Mass Destruction Civil Support Teams6.3.3.4 Center for Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Chapter 7: FEMA, Response and Recovery 7.1 Historical Foundation for FEMA 7.1.1 Federal Emergency Management Agency: Pre-9/11 7.1.2 Federal Emergency Management Agency: Post-9/11 7.2 FEMA and Preparedness 7.2.1 Role of Mitigation in the Preparedness Model 7.3 FEMA Response and Recovery 7.3.1 National Response Framework Chapter 8: Intelligence 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Intelligence 8.3 Terror, Threats, Disaster, and Intelligence Agencies 8.3.1 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 8.3.1.1 Joint Terrorism Task Forces 8.3.1.2 The National Security Branch 8.3.1.3 Analysis of Intelligence 8.3.2 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 8.3.2.1 Directorate of Intelligence 8.3.2.2 Office of Clandestine Services 8.3.2.3 Office of Science and Technology 8.3.2.4 Directorate of Science and Technology 8.3.2.5 Office of Support 8.3.3 Office of the Director of National Intelligence 8.3.3.1 National Counterterrorism Center 8.3.3.2 Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive 8.3.3.3 National Intelligence Council 8.3.4 Defense Intelligence AgencyChapter 9: Border Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services 9.1 Introduction 9.2 U.S. Customs and Border Protection 9.2.1 Border Protection 9.2.1.1 Secure Border Initiative 9.2.1.2 CBP Air and Marine 9.2.2 CBP and the Facilitation of Trade and Commerce 9.2.2.1 Cargo 9.3 U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services 9.3.1 Project Shield America Initiative 9.3.2 Fugitive Operations Program 9.3.3 Cornerstone Initiative 9.3.4 Cyber Crimes Center 9.3.5 US-VISIT Program Chapter 10: Transportation Security 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Transportation Security Administration 10.2.1 Federal Air Marshals 10.2.2 Federal Flight Deck Officers 10.2.3 Law Enforcement Officers Flying Armed 10.2.4 TSA’s Canine Explosive Detection Unit 10.2.5 Risk Management Programs 10.2.6 TSA Technology and Innovation 10.2.6.1 Trace Portals 10.2.6.2 Millimeter Wave 10.2.6.3 Biometrics 10.3 Maritime Security 10.3.1 National Strategy for Maritime Security 10.3.2 Other Maritime Plans 10.3.2.1 National Plan to Achieve Maritime Domain Awareness 10.3.2.2 Maritime Transportation System Security Plan 10.3.3 Role of the Coast Guard in Maritime Security 10.3.3.1 Emergency Safety 10.3.3.2 Security and Law Enforcement 10.3.3.3 Cargo and Ports 10.4 Rail and Mass Transit 10.4.1 Representative Security Programs for Rail and Transit 10.4.1.1 Amtrak 10.4.1.2 CSX—The Freight Line 10.4.1.3 SEPTA: Rail Mass Transit Chapter 11: Homeland Security and Public Health 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Water 11.3 Agriculture and Food 11.3.1 Strategic Partnership Program on Agroterrorism 11.3.2 Infectious Animals11.3.3 Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism 11.3.3.1 Project BioShield 11.3.3.2 National Pharmaceutical Stockpile 11.3.3.3 National Select Agent Registry Program 11.4 Pandemic Threats 11.4.1 Planning and Response Chapter 12: The Future of Homeland Security 12.1 Introduction12.2 DHS: Growth without Reason 12.3 DHS: Curbing Expansionism in Mission 12.4 DHS: The Merits of Decentralization 12.5 DHS: The Rise of Technology 12.6 DHS: The Need for a New Way of Thinking: Jump out of the Box AppendicesIndex Each chapter includes keywords, discussion questions, and practical exercisesReview QuoteIn this text, author Charles P. Nemeth seeks to educate readers about the numerous agencies and dedicated personnel responsible for the homeland security mission. He presents this complex, heavily bureaucratic, and continuously evolving world in a clear and concise manner. Nemeth begins the text with a historical perspective on the security threats facing America, up to and including the 9-11 attacks on New York and Washington, D.C. From there, the reader is led chronologically through the establishment and evolution of the present-day U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Later chapters address the central elements of the homeland security mission, such as the law, risk analysis, counterterrorism, emergency management, public health, and training and exercises. Nemeth, a veteran criminal justice professor, employs a textbook-style format with copy that is easy to read and understand. Each of the book's 12 chapters can be viewed as a lesson of its own. Each begins wi