Transport Phenomena Fundamentals, Second Edition

Although the practice of chemical engineering has broadened to encompass problems in a range of disciplines, including biology, biochemistry, and nanotechnology, one of the curriculum’s foundations is built upon the subject of transport phenomena. Transport Phenomena Fundamentals, Second Edition provides a unified treatment of heat, mass, and momentum transport based on a balance equation approach. Designed for a two-term course Used in a two-term transport phenomena sequence at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, this text streamlines the approach to how the subject is taught. The first part of the book takes students through the balance equation in the context of diffusive transport, be it momentum, energy, mass, or charge. Each chapter adds a term to the balance equation, highlighting the effects of that addition on the physical behavior of the system and the underlying mathematical description. The second half of the book builds upon the balance equation description of diffusive transport by introducing convective transport terms, focusing on partial rather than ordinary differential equations. The Navier–Stokes and convective transport equations are derived from balance equations in both macroscopic and microscopic forms. Includes examples and problems drawn from Comsol® software The second edition of this text is now enhanced by the use of finite element methods in the form of examples and extended homework problems. A series of example modules are associated with each chapter of the text. Some of the modules are used to produce examples in the text, and some are discussed in the homework at the end of each chapter. All of the modules are located online at an accompanying website which is designed to be a living component of the course. (available on the download tab)Table of ContentIntroductory Concepts Scope of Transport Phenomena Preliminary Assumptions Equilibrium Foundations Defining Equilibrium Fluid Statics Buoyancy and Stability Fluids in Rigid Body Motion Fluxes, Gradients, and Transport Properties Momentum Transport – Newton's Law of Viscosity Energy Transport – Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction Mass Transport – Fick's Law of Diffusion Charge Transport – Ohm's Law of Conduction Driving Force – Resistance Concepts Flux Laws in Two and Three Dimensions Mechanistic Differences Among the Transport Phenomena Primary and Secondary Fluxes Systems Involving Fluxes with Multiple Gradients Failure of the Linear Flux–Gradient Laws Transport Properties of Materials Viscosity of Gases Viscosity of Liquids – Free Volume Theory Thermal Conductivity of Gases Thermal Conductivity of Liquids Thermal Conductivity of Solids Diffusivity of Gases Diffusivity of Liquids Diffusion in Solids Conductivity, Mobility and Resistivity One-Dimensional, Steady-State, Diffusive Transport Boundary Conditions Boundary Condition Catalog One-Dimensional, Steady-State Diffusive Transport Composite Media Variable Transport Properties, Coupled Transport, and Multiple Fluxes Generation Generation on the Boundary – Boundary Conditions One-Dimensional Transport with Generation at the Boundary Constant Generation Terms Variable Generation and Coupled Transport Accumulation Lumped Capacitance Internal Gradients and Generalized Solutions Semi-Infinite Systems Miscellaneous Transient Example Problems Conservative Transport and Waves Momentum Transport Transport Enhancement Using Extended Surfaces Heat Transfer - Finned Surfaces Mass Transfer - Gills, Lungs, and So On Diffusion and Reaction in a Catalyst Pellet Multidimensional Effects, Potential Functions, and Fields Laplace's Equation and Fields Solutions of Laplace's Equation Generation, Sources, Sinks and Poisson's Equation Transient Systems Convective Transport : Microscopic Balances Momentum Transport Energy Transport Mass Transport Charge Transport Macroscopic or Engineering Balances Macroscopic Continuity Equation Macroscopic Momentum Balance Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance – Extended Macroscopic Energy Balance Macroscopic Species Continuity Equation Macroscopic Charged Species Continuity Equation Convective Transport on a Flat Plate (Laminar Boundary Layers) Convective Transport Coefficients, Cf, h, kc,k± Boundary Layer Definitions Derivation of the Boundary Layer Equations Transport Analogies Hydrodynamic Boundary Layers Thermal Boundary Layers Mass Transfer Boundary Layers Simplified Ionic Boundary Layers Convective Transport: Systems with Curvature Flow Over Cylinders Flow Over Spheres Velocity Profile in Tubes Heat and Mass Transfer Applications Taylor Dispersion Turbulent Boundary Layers Turbulent Boundary Layer Structure Transport Equations in Turbulent Flow Representing the Reynolds Flux Components Friction Factors and Other Transport Coefficients Radiative Transport Preliminary Definitions Maxwell's Equations and Heat Transfer Energy Fluxes in Radiative Systems The Blackbody The Graybody View Factors Radiative Energy Exchange Nomenclature Appendix A: Vector Mathematics Appendix B: Mathematical Functions and Heisler Charts Appendix C: Exact Solution to the Boundary Layer Equations Appendix D: Thermal and Transport Properties of Materials Index Biographical NoteJoel Plawsky is a professor of chemical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York.