Innovations in Fuel Cell Technologies

This book reviews the state-of-the-art in fuel cells (low and high temperature) across all the types applied in the field today and assesses current trends in development. The main technology problems are discussed and current gaps to market success identified. The innovations covered in the book deliver new answers to pertinent problems and/or offer new opportunities, be it in operating conditions, application area, extension of lifetime, new fuels, exciting new diagnosis and analysis methods. The volume gives an insight not only to the key developments within the next few years, but also shows perspectives in the mid-term. Readers receive an overview of cutting edge, challenging research and development that can be used in future developments, both of personal careers, as well as in company technology planning.Table of ContentPrinted Enzymatic Current Sources; Potential of Multilayer Ceramics for Micro Fuel Cells; Trends in High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells; Large Auxiliary Power Units for Vessels and Airplanes; Going Beyond Hydrogen: Non-hydrogen Fuels, Re-oxidation and Impurity Effects on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anodes; Direct Carbon Fuel Cells; Integrating Degradation into Fuel Cell Models and Lifetime Prediction; Accelerated Lifetime Testing for Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells; Electrolysis Using Fuel Cell Technology; Hydrogen Production by Internal Reforming Fuel Cells; Products, Not Technology: Some Thoughts on Market Introduction ProcessesFuels Cells have evolved from an exotic technology only feasible under the constraints of space flight into a product addressing the 'everyman' consumer, although at first, in niche markets only. The considerable level of technological readiness that has been reached today finally gives rise to hopes that fuel cells will eventually make it to larger markets within the decade leading up to the year 2020. The potential in fuel cell technologies is tremendous and their commercial success is necessary in tailoring the worldwide energy supply systems towards efficiencies and emission levels that allow a long-term stable and sustainable development for the world economy and the environment. Innovations in Fuel Cell Technologies provides a state-of-the-art review on new fields of research that have high potential and interest for the fuel cell community. The main technology problems are discussed and current gaps to market success identified. The innovations covered in the book deliver new answers to pertinent problems and/or offer new opportunities, be it in operating conditions, application area, extension of lifetime, new fuels, exciting new diagnosis or analysis methods. Key issues discussed are the prospects for miniaturising fuel cells, high-temperature polymer membrane fuel cells and their application as an on-board electricity supply in large vehicles, non-standard fuels like pure carbon and the handling of fuel impurities, degradation issues and accelerated lifetime testing, the prospects of reversing the fuel cell reactions towards producing instead of consuming hydrogen and the pitfalls in bringing a technology from demonstration to technical maturity. Innovations in Fuel Cell Technologies directs the reader's attention to the developments of tomorrow. The chapters serve as an early warning to technology developers of the rewarding prospects on the horizon as well as orientation to students and young researchers in guiding their future studies.